A review published in Cyber-Physical Energy Systems examines how IoT and machine learning technologies can transform manufacturing energy management. By enabling real-time monitoring, prediction, and optimization, these approaches offer new pathways for energy-efficient and sustainable factories while addressing key challenges in industrial adoption.

Freeze–thaw stress reduces baker’s yeast viability, delays fermentation restart, and weakens frozen-dough bread quality. Here, three independent Saccharomyces cerevisiae lineages were evolved for 300 generations under repeated freeze–thaw selection. Evolved populations showed markedly improved survival, with the best lineage reaching ~96% post-thaw viability, while retaining baseline growth capacity. In frozen dough, evolved lineages improved loaf expansion and texture retention after freezing. Physiological assays showed faster post-thaw recovery, stronger fermentation-associated activity, lower intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, altered antioxidant capacity, and better preservation of cell-envelope morphology. Transcriptomic, metabolomic, and cross-omics analyses of ALE1 linked these phenotypes to coordinated remodeling of carbon recovery metabolism, nitrogen redistribution, sulfur/glutathione-associated redox pathways, and membrane-related metabolites. These results show that ALE improves frozen-dough yeast performance through coordinated physiological and multi-omics remodeling rather than a single stress-response pathway.

Inflammation is central to coronary artery disease, yet many anti-inflammatory strategies have failed to improve cardiovascular outcomes. A new Science Bulletin review explains why and proposes a “4R framework”—right target, right patient, right timing and right benefit–risk balance—to guide precision anti-inflammatory therapy.

Agricultural education researchers surveyed 793 school-based agricultural educators in 13 Southern states, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands to learn more about their levels of awareness to farm stressors and suicide warning signs. The results paint a largely encouraging picture, because they showed that school-based agricultural educators generally recognized most suicide warning signs and farm stressors. However, an unexpected finding was that school-based ag teachers described as “urban” were among the groups who were more likely to recognize farm stressors than teachers from “rural” communities.

Accurate river water level estimation is crucial for flood prevention, disaster mitigation and water resource management, yet strong non-stationarity and nonlinearity in complex plain river-network regions pose significant challenges to conventional approaches.

Masato Ota, Assistant Professor at the National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institutes for Natural Sciences (at the time of the research, a graduate student at the Graduate School of Science, Osaka University); Youichi Sakawa, Associate Professor at the Institute of Laser Science, Osaka University; Ryutaro Matsui, Specially Appointed Associate Professor at the National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institutes for Natural Sciences (at the time of the research, Assistant Professor at Kyoto University); Yasuaki Kishimoto, Program-Specific Researcher at the Institute for Chemical Research and Program-Specific Professor at the Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University; Toshinori Yabuuchi, Chief Scientist at the Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute; and Yuji Fukuda, Senior Principal Researcher at the Kansai Institute for Photon Science (KPSI), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology (QST)—has developed a new measurement technique that simultaneously captures diffraction signals ranging from ultra-small angles to wide angles with a single camera when a single X-ray pulse is irradiated onto a structure. By combining this method with an X-ray free-electron laser, the team derived the rarefaction velocity of high-energy-density plasma on a picosecond timescale across a broad range of spatial scales—from nanometers to submicrometers. A comparison of experimental results and numerical simulations revealed that even an increase of just a few nanometers in the size of the initial plasma on a solid surface reduces the efficiency with which the laser is absorbed by the microstructured solid to approximately one-fourth.

How can a spectrometer measure accurately on the scorching lunar farside? A new calibration framework for the Chang’e-6 Lunar Mineral Spectrometer corrected heat-induced spectral distortions, improving repeated measurement consistency by about 65%. The high-fidelity in situ data now bridge orbital observations, lunar surface measurements, and returned sample analyses, offering a clearer cross-scale view of the Chang’e-6 landing area.

Conventional second-harmonic generation microscopy is highly sensitive to symmetry, but it usually cannot directly read phase information. Researchers at Beijing Normal University developed an angular-polarization-engineered interferometric SHG microscope that uses a rotatable monolayer MoSe₂ reference placed between the objective and the sample. The system enables high-contrast phase-sensitive imaging of MoS₂ inversion twins and achieves an interference contrast as high as 0.96.

A new light-controlled organic semiconductor developed at Osaka Metropolitan University shows charge-transport performance comparable to leading organic semiconductor materials, offering promise for future “flexible” electronics.