Iron minerals help decide whether dissolved organic matter becomes microbial food or long-term carbon
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Updates every hour. Last Updated: 22-Oct-2026 13:16 ET (22-Oct-2026 17:16 GMT/UTC)
For decades, the frozen Antarctic wilderness at the bottom of the world defied global warming trends, with ice levels actually growing – until 2015 when it suddenly reversed. Now scientists say they have discovered why.
The mysterious origin of an impressive cloud disturbance on Venus has now been revealed by a team including the University of Tokyo. Researchers used numerical models to show that an enormous 6,000-kilometer-wide atmospheric wave front, which circumnavigates the planet for days at a time, is caused by a large “hydraulic jump.” This is when a fluid abruptly slows down, changing from shallow and fast to deep and slow. On Venus, a sudden change in airflow in the lower cloud region is coupled with the creation of a strong updraft, forcing sulfuric acid vapor higher into the atmosphere where it condenses into a massive line of cloud. Future planetary studies can consider the potential impacts of this process, and what it might mean for any exploratory missions.