A new study has revealed how tiny microbes in rivers and wetlands across China help clean up excess nitrogen pollution, offering fresh insights into the health of freshwater ecosystems and the global nitrogen cycle.

Researchers use the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model to conduct a large-eddy simulation of a tornado that occurred in the Foshan area, applying a rederived equation for vertical pressure gradient force, they analyzed the influence of horizontal vortex tubes on the tornado. The results showed that horizontal vortex tubes play a significant role in the development of tornadoes. 

A new deep-learning model, AngleNet, significantly improves the retrieval accuracy of atmospheric relative humidity (RH) profiles from ground-based microwave radiometers (MWRs).

The chaotic nature of Earth’s climate system means projected hazards like flooding under climate change have high uncertainty. To more accurately predict flood risks, researchers from The University of Tokyo developed a method to merge data from multiple future climate scenarios with similar warming levels. This approach is important because it provides reliable, practical flood risk information allowing socioeconomic variables to be largely ignored in favor of specific warming levels, such as 2°C or 3°C.The chaotic nature of Earth’s climate system means projected hazards like flooding under climate change have high uncertainty. To more accurately predict flood risks, researchers from The University of Tokyo developed a method to merge data from multiple future climate scenarios with similar warming levels. This approach is important because it provides reliable, practical flood risk information allowing socioeconomic variables to be largely ignored in favor of specific warming levels, such as 2°C or 3°C.

A research team has studied the development of the Shanghai Typhoon Model from a traditional physics-based regional model toward a data-driven, machine-learning typhoon forecasting system. They summarize the model’s performance in Typhoon Danas in 2025, noting that a hybrid Shanghai Typhoon Model provides a significant advancement in forecast accuracy. Their paper outlines a roadmap for evolving the physically driven Shanghai Typhoon Model into a purely data-driven, regional machine-learning weather-prediction model designed for typhoon prediction.