Researchers at Peking University has developed a "two-step" signaling switch—transitioning from Hippo-YAP/Notch to TGFβ1 pathways—to capture and stably maintain a novel stem cell state termed Trophectoderm-Like Stem Cells (TELSCs). These cells, derived from totipotent blastomere-like cells (TBLCs) or 8-cell embryos, precisely mirror the transcriptomic and epigenetic landscape of the E4.5 pre-implantation trophectoderm. Functionally, TELSCs exhibit extraordinary developmental plasticity; in chimeric assays, they contribute to all eight known trophoblast lineages at single-cell resolution. Furthermore, TELSCs efficiently assemble into 3D trophoblast organoids (TELSC-TOs) that recapitulate the coupled self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation characteristic of the native placenta.

 

Researchers at the University of Missouri have discovered certain proteins may be the key to saving plants’ lives when multiple stressors hit at the same time. This knowledge may one day lead to crops that are more resistant to harsh conditions brought on by multiple stressors during the same growing seasons.

In a recent study, Mizzou scientists found that Arabidopsis thaliana, a plant that serves as a popular model organism for biology research, needs a specific protein to protect itself when exposed to simultaneous stress from excessive heat, sunlight and salty soil. The findings pave the way for scientists to better understand the underlying cellular biology that allows plants to survive even when hit by multiple stressors.

Today, most of the salmon consumed in Japan is imported from countries like Chile and Norway, according to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. But just two decades ago, Japanese chum salmon made up a much larger share of domestic salmon consumption. Their numbers have declined sharply in recent years, and new research from Hokkaido University suggests that this decline may be linked to the loss of their natural habitats along their migratory routes.

Over the past two decades, cell biologists and computational biologists have worked to develop lineage tracing techniques that can decode the relationships between progenitor cells and their differentiated progeny.

A research team from the Swire Institute of Marine Science (SWIMS) and the School of Biological Sciences of The University of Hong Kong (HKU) has helped address this question by developing an innovative mathematical model that allows conservationists to easily assess feeding strategies of different giant clam species. This knowledge can help conservationists to predict the future vulnerability of different giant clam species and identify those in need of timely protection. 

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell and also a key factor in unraveling life processes and disease mechanisms. As a platform featuring cutting-edge perspectives in mitochondrial biology, Mitochondrial Communications is committed to advancing interdisciplinary research oriented toward mitochondrial health, with the aim of rapidly publishing high-quality, rigorously peer-reviewed research articles, reviews, and commentaries.