This special issue of UroPrecision (Volume 4, Issue 1) brings together 8 high-quality articles, including 6 Special Issue Articles and 2 Regular Articles, written by internationally recognized experts, focusing on the most discussed “Hot Topics” in sexual medicine and andrology. The issue addresses conditions that remain discussable and not widely defined, rather than comprehensively covering all developments. All manuscripts are written under the guidance of recent literature and aim to update physicians on current, evidence-based information. Below are summaries of each contribution.

A 60-year-old woman with stage IIIB (T4N2) EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma invading the distal trachea and superior vena cava underwent curative-intent surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The complex procedure, planned with 3D modeling, included a right upper double-sleeve bilobectomy, tracheal bifurcation sleeve resection, and SVC replacement with a xenopericardial conduit. Adjuvant osimertinib provided 35 months of recurrence-free survival. Subsequent relapse with MET amplification responded transiently to crizotinib; the patient survived 42 months post-surgery, illustrating the potential of multimodal therapy in selected patients.

This retrospective cohort study evaluated the demographic profile, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes of 437 ovarian cancer patients treated at a tertiary cancer centre in Bihar, India, between January 2019 and December 2023. Most patients presented at advanced stages (III–IV, 74.6%), with serous carcinoma being the most common histotype (52.5%). Median overall survival was 22.7 months, with 1-year, 2-year, and 5-year OS rates of 68.9%, 46.5%, and 20.6%, respectively. Surgery followed by chemotherapy was associated with significantly better outcomes. Late diagnosis remains a major challenge, underscoring the need for improved screening in rural areas.

A systematic review and meta-analysis published in Eye & ENT Research synthesized current clinical evidence comparing immediate sequential bilateral cataract surgery (ISBCS) and delayed sequential bilateral cataract surgery (DSBCS) in pediatric patients, demonstrating that ISBCS significantly reduces operating room time and postoperative glaucoma risk without increasing intraoperative or anesthesia-related complications, supporting its safe and efficient application in appropriately selected children.

Researchers found that automated camera traps detected codling moth activity earlier than conventional monitoring, offering a more precise way to track pest movement in apple orchards.