A sunfish being blown to bits is the result of a never before described behavior of an orca pod in the Gulf of California. Researchers observed two separate events in which one orca held a sunfish carcass by the fin and another torpedoed toward it, blowing it into smithereens. The behavior could be a way to portion off more manageable pieces of food for calves present during the interaction, but it’s also possible that it serves an entirely different function: fun. The team said more observations of such events involving sunfish are needed to determine the exact ecological and evolutionary significance of the strategies in orca populations.

A team of scientists led by researchers with the Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History and Texas A&M University recently uncovered genetic traces of ancient migration in DNA from avocados growing in Nicaragua. They found evidence that, around 5,000 years ago, people migrating north from South America carried the oversized seeds of one of their favorite fruits—avocados. As these seeds were dispersed throughout the humid lowlands of Central America, they hybridized with native varieties, producing a diversity of avocado varieties that produce the large, smooth-skinned berries that are now enjoyed around Central America. Despite resembling the avocados found in humid regions like Florida and the Caribbean, these local varieties are genetically distinct from the commercially grown fruits found in guacamole.

For cells to function properly, they must produce the right amount of each protein. It is a delicate balance: both too little and too much can compromise essential cellular functions. A team from the University of Geneva (UNIGE) has now shown that even a modest excess of tubulin – the protein that assembles into microtubules, the cell's internal scaffolding – is enough to disrupt tissue architecture and reduce cell viability. Published in Nature Communications, the study demonstrates that the quantity of a protein is just as important as its function.

Researchers have developed a cutting-edge approach to treating glioblastoma, the most common and deadliest brain cancer, that could overcome the limitations of existing drugs.

A Ramsey-based diamond quantum magnetometer developed by researchers at Science Tokyo enables highly sensitive biomagnetic measurements without compromising thermal safety. Using a low-power laser, a light-trapping diamond waveguide, and a compact microwave antenna, the temperature rise in the sensor is just 13 K with a sensor-to-sample distance of 2 mm, enabling detection of picotesla-level (10^-12 T) magnetic fields. The sensor enables safe, close-proximity biomagnetic measurements for future magnetocardiography and magnetoencephalography applications.