A compact fiber-based system has been developed to compress mid-infrared laser pulses to 187 femtoseconds using low input power. By integrating a holmium-doped ZBLAN photonic crystal fiber within a nonlinear optical loop mirror, the approach achieves high compression efficiency with minimal pedestal energy, offering a simplified route to ultrafast mid-IR sources for spectroscopy and biomedical imaging.

Light speckle fluctuations, a noninvasive proxy for cerebral blood flow index (CBFi), are quantified by diffuse correlation spectroscopy. However, this conventional technique provides marginal brain sensitivity for CBFi in adult humans. To improve the brain sensitivity, researchers have now optimized interferometric diffusing wave spectroscopy—a novel approach to quantify the fluctuations. They demonstrated pulsatile CBFi monitoring at 4–4.5 cm source-collector separation in adults with moderate pigmentation.

Rice University researchers Jianwei Huang and Ming Yi have developed a new capability, magnetoARPES, building on angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) that allows researchers to study quantum behaviors they have been unable to resolve using ARPES alone. 

Breakthrough discovery provides new clues about how these celestial bodies - that push the known laws of physics to their limits - find each other.

POSTECH and Pukyong National University researchers develop a conductive bioglue that seamlessly integrates tissues and electronic devices in the fluid‑filled body.

Measuring high aspect ratio and composite micro-trenches without damage is critical for advanced microfabrication, yet conventional coherence scanning interferometry often suffers from a low signal-to-noise ratio and limited lateral resolution. A team from Nanjing University of Science and Technology presents FP-CSI, a transmissive near-infrared interferometric modality that combines aperture synthesis from Fourier ptychographic microscopy with quantitative phase recovery of coherence scanning interferometry, enabling robust 3D morphology reconstruction without iterative phase retrieval.

The tidal environment of mangrove forests serves as nurseries for many fish species. Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have measured carbon dioxide and oxygen levels in 23 of world’s mangrove areas. The study sends out a warning that these ecosystems are increasingly threatened as sea temperatures continue to rise.