EurekAlert! News by Subject: Mathematics - News by Subject: Mathematics

Mathematics

Updates every hour. Last Updated: 7-May-2025 22:09 ET (8-May-2025 02:09 GMT/UTC)

Liquid-crystal platform overcomes optical losses in photonic circuits

SPIE--International Society for Optics and Photonics
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Researchers at the University of Naples Federico II have developed a groundbreaking liquid-crystal-based photonic circuit platform capable of manipulating hundreds of optical modes in a compact, two-dimensional setup. This new optical processor addresses the challenge of optical losses in large-scale photonic systems by maintaining constant losses as the number of modes increases. By extending previous one-dimensional simulations to two-dimensional architectures, the team demonstrated simulations spanning up to 800 optical modes, marking a significant advancement. This technology has the potential to enhance quantum simulations and all-optical AI systems, offering a scalable and efficient approach to complex computational tasks.

Journal: Advanced Photonics

Anna Seigal receives Sloan Fellowship

Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences
Grant and Award Announcement

Anna Seigal, assistant professor of Applied Mathematics at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), has been awarded a 2025 Sloan Research Fellowship by The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. Seigal explores the mathematics of data science using algebraic approaches to answer data analysis questions.

Prediction of measurement precision for fringe projection photogrammetry using whole-space tabulation method

Osaka Metropolitan University

Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have developed a straightforward method for predicting the measurement precision of fringe projection photogrammetry.

Journal: Optics and Lasers in Engineering

COVID-19 infection and pulmonary sarcoidosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of morbidity, severity and mortality

National Center for Respiratory Medicine
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Key findings

• Sarcoidosis patients are prone to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, increased severity, morbidity and greater mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

What is known and what is new?

• Subjects with sarcoidosis are more vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

• Severity of COVID-19 was also more serious in subjects stricken with sarcoidosis.

What is the implication, and what should change now?

• Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 for sarcoidosis may be a compulsory measure.

Journal: Journal of Thoracic Disease

Humans as hardware: computing with biological tissue

The University of Osaka
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Yo Kobayashi from The University of Osaka has demonstrated that it is possible to use human tissue as a computational resource to perform complex calculations. The inherent nonlinear mechanical properties of soft tissue make it a surprisingly ideal reservoir for information processing. The results of this discovery pave the way for applications where human tissue can be used to handle computational tasks.

Journal: IEEE Access
Funder: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan Science and Technology Agency

Smartwatches may help control diabetes through exercise

University of Birmingham
Peer-Reviewed Publication

Wearable mobile health technology could help people with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) to stick to exercise regimes that help them to keep the condition under control.

Journal: BMJ Open

Brain-like computer steers rolling robot with 0.25% of the power needed by conventional controllers

University of Michigan
Peer-Reviewed Publication

A smaller, lighter and more energy efficient computer, demonstrated at the University of Michigan, could help save weight and power for autonomous drones and rovers, with implications for autonomous vehicles more broadly.

Journal: Science Advances
Funder: U.S. National Science Foundation

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