Researchers from the Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Japan, assessed the ethics of large language model-generated advice for modifying built environments to support health. In the first study of its kind, researchers evaluated 180 ChatGPT responses across six health pathways, neighborhood income contexts, and budget conditions using four ethical criteria. ChatGPT consistently avoided harmful recommendations and rarely gave lower-income neighborhoods weaker proposals, but showed less consistent community participation and oversight, particularly under constraints.

Orangutans have individual learning styles: over their 8.5-year development, infant orangutans differ from one another in how frequently they engage in social and individual learning. Learning style predicts skill development: infants’ social and individual learning tendencies during development predict how many food items they will have learned by the time they become independent from their mothers. Learning is more than simply “social” or “individual”: the study shows for the first time that social and individual forms of learning interact to shape broad skill acquisition in wild great apes.