In one out of five DAOs, a single contributor held enough tokens to make decisions alone, according to a study from the Complexity Science Hub (CSH)—raising questions about how democratic these systems truly are.

Traditional educational systems focused on prescribed, curriculum-defined courses of study impose societal expectations and limit student autonomy and personalized learning. To propose radical transformation to current educational systems, a team of researchers conducted an ecological analysis. Their proposed ‘school within a school’ approach can aid the utilization of artificial intelligence tools in education and equip students to face the challenges of the modern age.

Chinese researchers have made significant progress in developing positron emission tomography (PET) tracers that can visualize α-synuclein aggregates—a hallmark of Parkinson's disease and related disorders—in living patients. This advancement could transform early diagnosis, disease progression monitoring, and treatment evaluation for millions of patients worldwide.

The Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (President Seog-Hyeon Ryu, hereinafter referred to as KIMM) has developed a compact, rapid pretreatment system capable of liquefying and homogenizing solid biological samples in under one minute. This innovation simplifies the analysis of specimens that are traditionally difficult to process, offering a new diagnostic platform that complements the predominantly liquid-based landscape of in vitro diagnostics (IVD).

The prebiotic Earth was a harsh and unstable environment, characterized by intense heat, active volcanoes and little atmosphere. How, then, did the molecular building blocks of life first form? Among chemists, it’s widely thought that one of these building blocks—a sugar known as ribose, which forms the backbone of RNA—was produced spontaneously. But a new study suggests otherwise. Scripps Research and Georgia Institute of Technology scientists call this commonly held hypothesis into question in Chem on April 23, 2025. According to the “formose reaction” hypothesis, formaldehyde molecules spontaneously reacted to create ribose. But using controlled reactions, the researchers have now found the formose reaction can only produce sugars with branched structures—not linear sugars like ribose that are essential for life. These insights can help scientists understand how life arose on Earth, as well as design biofuel production.