Computed tomography (CT) is widely used in medical diagnosis and image-guided treatment, but high-density metallic objects such as dental fillings, orthopedic implants, and vascular stents can cause beam hardening and photon starvation, producing severe streak artifacts that obscure surrounding anatomy. Existing methods often restore corrupted projections through interpolation or deep neural networks, but discontinuities between estimated and measured data may introduce secondary artifacts. Supervised approaches also rely on paired metal-corrupted and metal-free images, which are difficult to obtain clinically and may generalize poorly across different metal shapes, anatomical regions, and scanning protocols.

Patients increasingly turn to artificial intelligence for health information. But how reliable are the answers? A new study from Dalhousie University, published in UroPrecision, provides the first systematic evaluation of ChatGPT‑4.0 against Canadian Urological Association (CUA) guidelines.

DNA damage poses a constant threat to genome integrity, especially in germ cells that transmit genetic information to offspring. While most DNA damage response (DDR) mechanisms are ancient and shared across vertebrates, the team discovered that simians (including humans, apes, Old World monkeys, and New World monkeys) possess a unique, recently evolved DDR regulator — SAGE1 — that provides an extra layer of protection to spermatogonia. Through its unique tandem exon repeats (SERs), SAGE1 coordinates multiple key repair complexes including MRN-CtIP, SOSS, and NuA4 to promote accurate homologous recombination (HR) repair while suppressing error-prone non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). This work reveals that simians have acquired an additional regulatory layer atop the conserved DDR machinery, offering new insights into the genetic basis of enhanced germline genome stability in the simian lineage.

Scientists have shown that genomics can help identify which wild populations are most vulnerable to climate change – offering practical guidance for the conservation of threatened species before declines become irreversible.

The study, led by researchers from Flinders University's Molecular Ecology Laboratory and published in the Journal of Heredity, examined the endangered southern pygmy perch across Australia's Murray-Darling Basin.

The International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) today announces that Lorenz Studer, M.D., founding director of the Center for Stem Cell Biology at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, USA, has started his term as President of the Society.

Dr. Studer is known globally for his pioneering advances in stem cell biology, regenerative medicine, and the development of stem cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative disease. His research has established widely adopted methods for generating specialized neural cell types from human pluripotent stem cells, providing foundational tools for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine. Dr. Studer’s laboratory has also led efforts to translate these discoveries toward clinical applications, including stem cell-derived therapies for Parkinson's disease.

In the midwestern summer, humans and plants have to breathe through the heat and humidity. Researchers hope that a retooled crop plant—one with an improved ventilation system within its leaves—could thrive while avoiding drought stress by reducing “crop sweat”. Thanks to a next generation imaging technology powered by Argonne National Laboratory’s particle collider beamline, a team of scientists now has precise schematics of the leaf’s interior and can refine approaches to breeding hardier crop plants.

The research, published in Plant Physiology, was led by postdoctoral researcher James Fischer in the laboratory of Professor of Plant Biology and Crop Sciences Andrew Leakey at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Their work represents the first detailed look at how the pores on the leaf surfaces of sorghum, a highly productive and resilient grass crop, connect to the air pathways, photosynthetic centers, and veins beneath.