Scientists at Aarhus University have developed nanomotors inspired by the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes and placed them inside artificial cells. The nanomotors drive the formation of internal protein networks resembling a cytoskeleton, giving artificial cells a life-like function previously seen only in living cells and marking a step toward self-organizing synthetic systems.

T-box transcription factor 4 (TBX4), a highly conserved member of the T-box gene family, plays a foundational role in mammalian development. Known primarily for orchestrating hindlimb formation and lung morphogenesis, TBX4 has recently emerged as a key regulator linking genetic, epigenetic, and signaling networks to diverse human diseases.

A new paper in Molecular Biology and Evolution reports that Italian bears living in areas with many villages evolved and become smaller and less aggressive.