Researchers are continually looking for new ways to hack the cellular machinery of microbes like yeast and bacteria to make products that are useful for humans and society. In a new proof-of-concept study, a team from the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology showed they can expand the biosynthetic capabilities of these microbes by using light to help access new types of chemical transformations. The paper, published in Nature Catalysis, demonstrates how the bacteria Escherichia coli can be engineered to produce these new molecules in vivo, using light-driven enzymatic reactions. This framework sets the foundation for future development in the emerging field of photobiocatalysis.

Chordoma is a rare, treatment-resistant tumor with limited therapeutic options and a high rate of recurrence. In a recent study, researchers investigated the role of eosinophils in chordoma progression and demonstrated that eosinophils play a critical role in suppressing tumor growth. Lower eosinophil levels were associated with increased tumor proliferation and recurrence. These findings suggest eosinophils may serve as a potential immunotherapeutic target to improve diagnosis, treatment strategies, and clinical outcomes in patients with chordoma.

Researchers at Kyushu University discovered a new ladybird beetle species, Parastethorus pinicola, on a pine tree at their Hakozaki Satellite. The finding was part of a major taxonomic review of the tribe Stethorini in Japan involving 1,700 specimens. The study describes two new species and corrects long-standing classification errors, proving that unknown biodiversity can still be found in the middle of a city—even on a university campus.

Researchers in China comprehensively identified 54 AhPR10 genes in cultivated peanut, phylogenetically classified into eight distinct subgroups with supported gene structure and motif conservation. Segmental duplication was identified as the primary driver for the expansion of the AhPR10 gene family, as revealed by chromosomal distribution and synteny analysis. The recombinant AhPR10-33 protein demonstrated significant antifungal activity by inhibiting Aspergillus flavus mycelial growth in vitro, highlighting its potential role in pathogen resistance.