Tongue cancer (TC) cells can enter a chemo-resistant state by activating pathways related to autophagy and cholesterol synthesis, report researchers from Institute of Science Tokyo. Using a large-scale library of TC organoids they developed, the researchers performed comprehensive comparative analyses of chemo-sensitive and chemo-resistant cells. Their efforts shed light on promising avenues toward new treatments for tongue cancer.

POSTECH and Japan’s NIMS Identify Edge Dependence of Electron Transport in Bilayer Graphene.

Researchers have developed a transfer learning-enhanced physics-informed neural network (TLE-PINN) for predicting melt pool morphology in selective laser melting (SLM). This novel approach combines physics-informed constraints with deep learning techniques, achieving superior accuracy, faster training times, and reduced computational demands. Published in Advanced Manufacturing, this breakthrough has significant potential to improve the efficiency of SLM processes, enable intelligent real-time process control, and enhance manufacturing quality.

Catalysts do several surprising things to assist with daily life – from bread making to turning raw materials into fuels more efficiently. Now, SLAC researchers have developed a way to speed up the discovery process for a promising new class of these helpful substances called single atom catalysts.

Dark matter is a mysterious substance believed to hold galaxies together. Scientists have not yet proven that it exists. But a discovery led by Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) could help with finding dark matter. Dark matter is likely made up of particles and one possible particle is the hypothetical axion. One way to find axions is to show that light particles can move like them. If this behaviour could be observed, the likelihood that axions are real increases. Experiments by NTU Singapore-led scientists confirmed that light particles can behave like theoretical axions inside special crystal structures that they designed. These findings give researchers confidence that, one day, the crystals could be adapted to detect axions and, hopefully, unravel some of the universe’s greatest mysteries.

Salk Institute scientists have created the first single cell genomic atlas of mature plants' outer armor layer, called the periderm, and its carbon-capturing phellem cells. The findings will be useful in creating more robust, climate change-fighting plants.