A new clinical practice guideline is the first from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine to provide recommendations for the management of obstructive sleep apnea in medically hospitalized adults.

HIV can throw the body clock off balance, leaving many people living with the virus in a constant state of “jet lag,” according to a new study in The Lancet HIV involving Wits University researchers.

The study—co-authored by Professors Xavier Gómez-Olivé and Karine Scheuermaier—found that people living with HIV (PLWHIV) experience higher rates of fragmented, non-restorative sleep even when their virus is well controlled. These disruptions are linked to increased risks of heart disease, depression, and cognitive decline. The study identifies biological and social contributors—from immune activation and treatment side effects to stress, stigma, and unsafe environments—and proposes a four-step clinical pathway that any healthcare provider can apply.