A review from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications organizes optical convolution computing into two approaches: definition-based and theorem-based methods. It highlights applications in signal processing, image analysis, and high-dimensional data processing, while identifying challenges such as energy efficiency, scalability, stability, and complete Convolutional Neural Network support. The review also emphasizes hybrid opto-electronic systems as a practical path toward deployable optical computing hardware. 

By combining two complementary clues—camera geometry and visual appearance—researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo, Japan, developed a new approach for preserving identities across multiple cameras. The method uses epipolar geometry to identify spatially consistent candidate matches and appearance similarity to distinguish between possible identities. The approach can be integrated with existing single-camera tracking systems without requiring environment-specific retraining.

 

Modern computers keep processing and memory in separate locations, so transferring data between them costs time and energy. This limitation is becoming increasingly apparent as artificial intelligence grows. The brain works differently: memory and computation are closely intertwined, and information is carried by the timing of short pulses, or spikes. The aim of neuromorphic engineering is to borrow this design, and light is an appealing medium for doing so, because it offers high speed, natural parallelism, and low energy consumption.

By harnessing the properties of gallium nitride, EPFL engineers have built a tiny transistor that can handle very high voltage with minimal energy loss, a key requirement for AI data centers, electric vehicles, and solar power systems.

Rock weathering, the breakdown and dissolving of rocks and minerals caused by their exposure to water, air, and biological life, is a major regulator of Earth’s atmospheric CO₂ levels and climate. Scientists have asked if rock weathering could be accelerated to pull excess CO₂ out of the atmosphere. However, current efforts to achieve this are still too slow to affect the global carbon balance or to be economically viable at industrial scale.

Now, researchers at the Wyss Institute at Harvard University, Harvard Medical School (HMS)’s Department of Systems Biology, and the Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability, engineered a solution to this problem. They showed in customized bioreactors with a continuous flow of seawater that an engineered marine bacterium sped up the weathering of a silicate mineral, boosting the amount of CO₂that was removed from air. Their findings are published in Nature Biotechnology.

 Scientists at the University of Plymouth and the British Antarctic Survey investigated how shifts in ocean salinity could affect marine species in the Antarctic

A research team led by Dr. Jung-Je Woo of the Gwangju Clean Energy Research Center at the Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) has developed a technology that completely separates current collectors, one of the major technical challenges in the direct recycling of spent batteries. The team also succeeded in simultaneously regenerating spent cathode materials to a performance level comparable to that of pristine materials.

SMU Professor Lau Hoong Chuin bags major grant to build a new science of resilience and next-generation decision platform for Singapore to manage national crises.

Recently, a research team led by Associate Professor Jian Chen at China Agricultural University developed two novel Type I-C CRISPR systems, Aca I-C and Cja I-C, that enable efficient genome editing in maize. The study establishes Type I-C CRISPR systems as additional platforms for plant genome engineering and highlights the potential of microbial genome mining for discovering editing tools. These technologies may contribute to future crop improvement by providing alternative strategies for targeted genome modification.