Ribosomes—the tiny factories that build proteins in our cells—don’t all work with the same efficiency. Researchers from Japan have discovered that ribosomes actually compete with one another, and those that perform poorly are selectively broken down when more efficient ones are present. This built-in “survival of the fittest” mechanism keeps protein synthesis accurate and efficient, shedding new light on how cells maintain quality control and prevent ribosome-related diseases.

The formation of different types of centromere over the course of evolution remained unclear for a long time. An international research team led by the IPK Leibniz Institute examined this phenomenon by studying two lily-like plants. Their findings have now been published in the journal Nature Communications.

The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), in collaboration with the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), has launched the world's first Deep Ocean Omics (DOO) database (https://DeepOceanOmics.org/). As the largest platform of its kind, DOO integrates and analyzes multi-omics data from organisms thriving in the ocean's most extreme environments, alongside customized analytical tools to support cross-species comparative and evolutionary studies. By facilitating the utilization of deep-sea biological resources, the platform aims to advance scientific understanding of deep-sea biodiversity and ecosystems, and to foster global research and applications related to biological adaptation in extreme environments.

Researchers at University of Tsukuba have decoded the nuclear genome of Amorphochlora amoebiformis, a unicellular marine alga belonging to the chlorarachniophyte group. The genome is approximately 214 megabase pairs in size and contains around 17,500 protein-coding genes. Notably, introns (noncoding sequences typically removed by splicing) constitute approximately three-quarters of the genome, making it the most intron-rich eukaryotic genome reported to date.