ECNU Review of Education study highlights middle-tier instructional leaders as key drivers of educational reform
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Updates every hour. Last Updated: 16-Jun-2025 12:09 ET (16-Jun-2025 16:09 GMT/UTC)
The research, spanning five jurisdictions—Delhi (India), Jordan, Rwanda, Shanghai (China), and Wales—reveals that middle-tier instructional leaders fulfill four critical roles: providing accessible support for teachers, fostering collaboration within and across schools, utilizing international and local knowledge, and serving as intermediaries between education ministries and schools. These insights highlight the potential of middle-tier leaders to drive sustainable educational reforms and empower teachers in complex systems.
New Haven, Conn. — Immediately after the Oct. 7, 2023 attacks on Israel, a group of 10 Yale students from a variety of backgrounds convened on campus to discuss the unthinkable.
Brought together by the university’s Civic Thought Initiative (CTI), which encourages open dialogue on difficult issues in small, seminar-style settings, the group included Jewish students with diverging views on Israel, students who were active advocates for Palestinians in Gaza, and a former childhood war refugee.
“Understandably, it was an emotionally charged and difficult conversation,” recalled Enza Jonas-Giugni, a recent Yale College graduate who at the time was a student fellow with the program. “And yet, instead of talking past one another, remaining entrenched in previously formed views about the conflict, or descending into hostility, we grieved, asked questions about parts of the conflict’s history that we remained ignorant of or uncertain about, and confronted the tough questions head on.”
In 2019, Yale political scientist Bryan Garsten created CTI in response to what he saw as a hunger among students to engage in intellectual discussions on important issues, but in an environment that encouraged them to try out ideas and hear from people with a range of political and philosophical perspectives. Now, six years later, Yale is building on that small initiative with the launch of a new nonpartisan Center for Civic Thought.
In an era defined by polarized views on everything from public health to politics, a new Tulane University study offers insight into why people may struggle to change their minds—especially when they turn to the internet for answers.
Refugees are more likely to suffer from mental health problems than the average person due to their migration experiences and socio-economic status. Psychosocial support helps, but it should not stand alone. Further investment is needed in the social lives of refugees and undocumented migrants, for example by giving them access to work and education. This is the argument put forward by social scientist Tessa Ubels. “People often come to see their psychologist as a friend. That is not a problem in itself, but it is if they have no other friends.” Ubels will defend her thesis at Radboud University on 2 June.