This paper expounds on the development status and relevant works of control and guidance methods of the aerospace vehicle in recent years. The control difficulties and the solutions in the related results are introduced briefly. Moreover, the guidance methods are then expounded in detail according to the flight phases of the whole flight mission. Guidance methods are usually included in each phase, and the corresponding trajectory design theories are also introduced where necessary. In addition, the potential future development direction prospects. Based on the above, a brief conclusion is then made as a summary.

Microplastics, tiny bits of plastic less than 5 millimeters in size, are now found in our air, food, water, and even inside the human body, according to new research led by scientists from China and the United States. The study, published in Carbon Research, urges scientists and policymakers to take immediate steps to understand and address potential health risks linked to widespread plastic pollution.

Pregnancies do not weaken a woman’s skeleton. Breastfeeding, however, can reduce bone density considerably. These are findings from a research report produced at Lund University in Sweden. But breastfeeding women need not worry. “There is a dip, but the body is absolutely fantastic at making up the loss,” says Kristina Åkesson, professor of orthopedics.

According to World Health Organization data, more than one billion people live with a mental disorder. Depression alone affects 5.7% of adults. Bipolar disorder affects about 1 in 150 adults (40 million). Against this backdrop, researchers are using large genetic studies to flag who is at higher risk years before the first clinical sign. A recently posted study in the journal Genes outlines how precision medicine—combining genomics with environment and lifestyle—can move care from reaction to prevention.

Flower fertility depends on an exquisite hormonal balance. 

Cucumber fruits vary strikingly—from long, slender East Asian varieties to short, round pickling types—and this diversity underpins their global popularity. 

A team of researchers has successfully generated the first telomere-to-telomere (T2T), gap-free genome of mung bean (Vigna radiata), unveiling how structural variations have influenced its domestication and adaptation. 

A high-quality genome of a clubroot-resistant Chinese cabbage line has revealed the key resistance gene Crr5, offering vital insights into disease defense in Brassica rapa.