A study led by Prof. Emre Yakşi of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, who is also a visiting faculty member at Koç University, reveals how the zebrafish forebrain organizes and integrates visual and vibrational information. The findings point to a shared computational principle of sensory processing across vertebrate brains.

Scheduling agile earth observation satellites is a complex optimization challenge. To tackle this, researchers developed a novel co-evolutionary framework where Large Language Models (LLMs) learn from expert-designed algorithms to automatically design superior scheduling strategies. This pioneering approach, which bridges the LLM's knowledge gap in this specialized domain, resulted in an average imaging profit improvement of 8.48% compared to state-of-the-art methods, demonstrating a new path for AI-driven algorithm design.

In a paper published in ENGINEERING Management, researchers from Shanghai University and Tsinghua University propose a cross-city transfer learning framework that enables rapid planning of shared e-scooter parking stations in new cities without requiring local operational data. Using operational data from 25 European cities and multi-source open-space data, the study demonstrates that a multi-dimensional urban similarity matching strategy, integrating socio-economic, POI distribution, and spatial structure features, achieves more stable and generalizable predictions than conventional geographic or economic grouping methods, with the TOP-3 similarity match yielding the best overall performance.

A new review in ENGINEERING Management shows how the inverse Gaussian process has developed into an important probabilistic tool for degradation modeling, remaining useful life prediction, and maintenance decision-making in prognostics and health management. It also explores how artificial intelligence can be combined with interpretable statistical models to support more reliable and scalable intelligent maintenance.

This study analyzed 1,441 publications from 2010 through 2024 to characterize growth, geographic and institutional contributions, and research hotspots in cardiovascular glycosylation. The field has expanded steadily, with O-GlcNAcylation identified as a major focus.

The map can inform basic, translational, and collaborative research. Its findings are constrained by database coverage and bibliometric methods and do not replace mechanistic or clinical evidence.

Drought creates increasing challenges for agriculture: as well as affecting the growth of crops, it also affects interactions with pests. A research team at the University of Göttingen has investigated how different levels of drought affect the susceptibility of sugar beet to damage caused by the beet leaf miner (Pegomya cunicularia) – a fly whose larvae create visible tunnels inside the leaves. The study shows that moderate drought actually promotes the development of the larvae, whilst severe drought has an adverse effect on both plants and pests. The findings were published in the Journal of Experimental Botany.

Dihydrochalcones (DHCs)—the compounds that give sweet tea its characteristic sugar-like taste—are produced in extraordinary quantities in the tender leaves of Lithocarpus litseifolius, yet how plants actually make these molecules has remained a mystery.

A review of genetic evidence from China is challenging assumptions about whether animals serve as reservoirs for the human diarrheal parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis. 

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a major global health concern and encompasses a spectrum ranging from hepatic steatosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and ultimately hepatocellular carcinoma. Insulin resistance, the pathogenic cornerstone of MASLD, drives enhanced peripheral lipolysis and increased hepatic de novo lipogenesis, thereby overloading the liver with lipids and inducing steatosis. Subsequent lipotoxicity, inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis further exacerbate disease progression. The gut microbiota and their metabolites communicate with the liver via the gut-liver axis, forming a complex signaling network that directly or indirectly modulates hepatic metabolism, systemic immune responses, oxidative stress, and intestinal barrier integrity. In this review, we synthesize evidence for the beneficial and detrimental effects of the major human gut microbial communities and their metabolites during the course of MASLD. We delineate how these gut-derived factors regulate hepatic function through an integrated tripartite “gut-liver axis–oxidative stress–metabolic reprogramming” mechanism. These insights may inform microbiome-based precision interventions and accelerate the development of therapeutic strategies targeting MASLD.