Held on 8 May 2025, the 10th UN Multi-stakeholder Forum on Science, Technology and Innovation for the Sustainable Development Goals side event, titled “One Health for All: Synergistic Solutions Advancing SDG3 through Sustainable Science & Inclusive Innovation”, convened global experts to explore integrated strategies for advancing human, animal, and environmental health within the 2030 Agenda. The event highlighted innovations like artificial intelligence (AI)-driven surveillance and low-carbon diagnostics, emphasizing equity and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) acceleration. One milestone was the launch of an expert consensus promoting the global One Health index (GOHI), a roadmap to align research and experimental development (R&D) with SDG3 targets. Discussions centered on three key issues covering: the One Health approach for SDGs, the role of GOHI as a scientific tool addressing data fragmentation and capacity disparities, and GOHI's potential to enhance cross-sectoral governance, exemplified by case studies from Japan, Cambodia, and Singapore. A consensus emerged to promote GOHI at the sub-national level, recognizing its value as a comprehensive, structured framework offering practical tools, data transformation capabilities, economic analysis, and global knowledge sharing, despite implementation challenges. Six actionable recommendations were proposed, focusing on strengthening institutional coordination, bridging data gaps, integrating GOHI into governance, piloting localized interventions, mobilizing funding, and building capacity through global partnerships. The event marked a significant step forward, positioning the One Health framework, facilitated by tools like GOHI, as essential for achieving the SDGs and ensuring a healthier, more sustainable future for all.

Background: After an apparent absence of disease, 79 cases of canine leptospirosis were reported in New South Wales (NSW), Australia between 2017 and 2023. Between 2016 and 2023, 281 human leptospirosis cases were reported in NSW. Our aim was to compare the geospatial distribution and causative serovars of canine and human cases to investigate if cases are possibly associated. Methods: Human data (n = 190) included Statistical Area Level 3 (SA3)-location, place of acquisition, and serovar; cases acquired outside NSW were excluded. Canine data comprised postcodes (allocated to corresponding SA3) and serovar. Spatial patterns for human and canine cases were mapped, and correlations between human and canine cases were examined. Results: In dogs, serovar Australis (n = 23, 29 %) and Copenhageni (n = 14, 18 %) were most common, whereas in humans it was serovar Arborea (n = 111, 58 %) and Hardjo (n = 13, 7 %). Serovars causing disease in both humans and dogs were Australis, Copenhageni, Hardjo, Pomona, and Robinsoni. In southeastern NSW, serovar Australis infections increased in both dogs and humans. Canine cases were significantly clustered in Greater Sydney and the South Coast whereas human cases were mainly centered around the North Coast with no significant clustering. Overall, there were nine SA3s where both canine (n = 38) and human (n = 51) cases were reported. There was no evidence of correlation between numbers of human and canine cases at the SA3 level (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient [r] = − 0.053, P = 0.641) and no overlap between specific serovars at the spatial level. Conclusion: Our results do not support dog− human transmission or common sources of infection.

The World Institute of Kimchi (President: Hae Choon Chang), a government-funded research institute under the Ministry of Science and ICT, has reported the results of a single-cell genetic analysis that suggests that kimchi consumption has immunomodulatory effects, which include the suppression of excessive immune responses while simultaneously enhancing defense functions. This is the first study in the world that has elucidated the immunological effects of kimchi at the single-cell level and has shown that kimchi consumption can contribute not only to metabolic health but also to immunological health.