The experiences we face early in life may leave their marks on our health in ways that echo across decades—and even across the entire body.

A new study examined a unique group of free-living, rhesus macaques who have been followed their entire lives to document their experiences. Pairing these histories with genomic data from 12 tissues collected in adulthood, the study provides some of the clearest molecular evidence yet that early life adversity leaves a lasting, system-wide impression at the epigenome, the biological layer on top of the human genome that regulates gene activity.

Spatial profiling of muscle-invasive bladder cancer reveals how different tumor cell states are organized within individual tumors

Bladder tumors are not simply “luminal” (more differentiated) or “basal” (less differentiated) but often contain both cell states arranged in distinct spatial patterns

Luminal tumor cores and basal-like invasive regions respond differently to treatments

Findings provide a framework that may inform precision therapy strategies tailored to the spatial tumor cell landscape of bladder cancer