Surface-engineered LNPs, propelled by clinical successes like patisiran and mRNA vaccines, enable targeted nucleic acid delivery via ligands (antibodies, peptides) and conjugation chemistries (click reactions). These LNPs target organs (liver, lungs) and cells (immune, brain), advancing gene therapy and vaccines. Key challenges—batch reproducibility, ligand stability, scalable production—must be resolved to accelerate clinical translation and expand applications to protein/small-molecule delivery.

A new federally funded study led by Brown University biologists and scientists at Yellowstone National Park revealed that different circumstances lead herbivores to eat a much wider variety of plants than previously believed.

Published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the new research suggests that the traditional classification schemes that distinguish herbivores by their percent of grass consumption are oversimplifications that can fail to reflect dietary variation within and across species, said study co-author Tyler Kartzinel, an associate professor of ecology, evolution and organismal biology at Brown.

Carbon emissions continue to increase at record levels, fueling climate instability and worsening air quality conditions for billions in cities worldwide. Yet despite global commitments to carbon neutrality, urban policymakers still struggle to implement effective mitigation strategies at the city scale. Now, researchers at Notre Dame’s School of Architecture, the College of Engineering and the Lucy Family Institute for Data & Society are working to reduce carbon emissions through advanced simulations and a novel artificial intelligence-driven tool, EcoSphere.

NIMS has developed a new theory that explains why tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) —used in magnetic memory and other technologies— oscillates with changes in the thickness of the insulating barrier within a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ). This oscillation was clearly observed when NIMS recently recorded the world’s highest TMR ratio. Understanding the mechanisms behind this phenomenon is expected to significantly aid in further increasing TMR ratios. This research was published as a letter article in Physical Review B, a journal of the American Physical Society, on June 9, 2025.

In the fall of 2024, Hurricane Helene made landfall in the southeastern U.S., later downgrading to a tropical storm causing strong winds, flooding and major destruction throughout Appalachia. Now, researchers and public health officials in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology Letters provide a debrief about how their mapping of key locations, including private wells, septic systems and service facilities, helped distribute disaster relief in North Carolina — a part of Appalachia hit particularly hard by the hurricane.