Therapeutic cancer vaccines have experienced a remarkable resurgence over the past decade, representing a paradigm shift in oncology toward harnessing the immune system's intrinsic ability to combat malignancies. These innovative immunotherapeutic approaches are fundamentally designed to enhance specific stages of the cancer-immunity cycle, a conceptual framework that describes the sequential events required to mount effective anti-tumor immune responses. By strategically targeting critical phases including antigen release, presentation, T-cell priming, trafficking, infiltration, and cytotoxic execution, cancer vaccines aim to overcome immune resistance mechanisms and promote durable tumor regression.

Understanding how the brain learns and applies rules is the key to unraveling the neural basis of flexible behavior. A new study from the University of Toyama, Japan, reveals that our ability to follow procedural rules is encoded in the evolving dynamics of neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC).

Qing Wei and colleagues from the College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, systematically elaborated on the innovative applications of neural networks in agricultural product drying, offering new insights to address industry pain points. The related article has been published in Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering (DOI: 10.15302/J-FASE-2025620).

A review by Professor Abdul Shukor JURAIMI’s team from Universiti Putra Malaysia points out that hyperspectral imaging technology boasts advantages of non-contact operation, high precision, and early detection. Compared with traditional manual visual inspection, it can complete detection within 10–30 days after rice sowing—a critical period when weeds are most competitive—with an identification accuracy generally exceeding 90%. For example, regarding Echinochloa crus-galli and weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea), the most common weeds in rice fields, researchers achieved identification accuracies of 100% and 92%, respectively, by analyzing spectral data with intelligent algorithms. This accurate identification lays the foundation for targeted weeding: combined with UAVs and prescription mapping technology, it enables site-specific herbicide application, reducing pesticide usage by up to 50%. This not only cuts costs but also alleviates environmental burdens. The relevant article has been published in Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering (DOI: 10.15302/J-FASE-2025619).

As electric vehicles (EVs) zoom into the mainstream—thanks to pioneers like Tesla and a global push to ditch fossil fuels—the power grid is feeling the strain from surging charging demands. Traditional setups struggle with reliability, costs, and environmental impacts, especially when integrating intermittent solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. Enter the game-changer: EV charging stations (EVCS) fused with PV panels and battery energy storage systems (BESS). This research tackles the chaos by optimizing station placement and operations in distribution networks, ensuring efficient power flow while curbing emissions and expenses. By addressing these hurdles, it paves the way for sustainable transport that doesn't overload our aging grids, making EVs a practical choice for everyone from city commuters to long-haul drivers.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of Jinfeng Pills on the receptivity of a thin endometrium in rats and elucidate its mechanism of action. A thin endometrial model was established in female Sprague–Dawley rats. The rats were randomly assigned to the control, model, estradiol valerate, and Jinfeng Pill groups. Histological evaluation using hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to assess morphological changes in the endometrium under light microscopy. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), estrogen, and progesterone levels in rat serum. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to examine morphological alterations in the endometrium. Immunofluorescence and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were employed to analyze the expression of VEGF, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CD31), β-catenin, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and homeobox gene A10 (HOXA10) proteins and mRNA in endometrial tissue.